{"id":171351,"date":"2026-09-05T15:38:39","date_gmt":"2026-09-05T15:38:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/?page_id=171351"},"modified":"2026-09-05T15:54:41","modified_gmt":"2026-09-05T15:54:41","slug":"keres","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/","title":{"rendered":"Keres"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"171351\" class=\"elementor elementor-171351 elementor-841\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10fdade e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10fdade\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herohlft0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herohlft0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3ceb64 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c3ceb64\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-96ae5e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"96ae5e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keres, esperit de la tradici\u00f3 grega<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e45238a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e45238a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Keres \u00e9s un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser incorpori al qual s'atribueix efecte en el m\u00f3n.\" tabindex=\"0\">esperit<\/span> de la tradici\u00f3 grega.<\/p><p><strong>Dimonis del camp de batalla, missatgeres de la mort de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de narracions transmeses sobre d\u00e9us d'una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> grega.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"dif-keres\">Les Keres al camp de batalla d&#8217;Hes\u00edode<\/h2>\n<p>Les Keres s\u00f3n <strong>dimonis del camp de batalla<\/strong> de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de narracions transmeses sobre d\u00e9us d'una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span> grega que, segons Hes\u00edode (Escut d&#8217;H\u00e8racles 248-257; Teogonia 211), procedeixen de la fam\u00edlia de Nyx juntament amb Thanatos i Hypnos. S\u00f3n <strong>negres, amb urpes llargues i ullals, vestides amb roba tacada de sang<\/strong>, sobrevolen els camps de batalla i arrabassen les \u00e0nimes dels guerrers moribunds.<\/p><p>A difer\u00e8ncia de les Er\u00ednies, no persegueixen faltes morals o jur\u00eddiques, sin\u00f3 que encarnen la <strong>viol\u00e8ncia estad\u00edstica de la guerra<\/strong>. A l&#8217;<em>Escut d&#8217;H\u00e8racles<\/em> lluiten pels cad\u00e0vers com aus carronyaires.<\/p><p>En la <strong>narraci\u00f3 de Pandora<\/strong>, les Keres escapen de la caixa oberta per Pandora com a esperits de malaltia i de mal, juntament amb fatigues, preocupacions i malalties. Paus\u00e0nies parla d&#8217;imatges de temple que mostren les Keres com a figures nocturnes escanyolides i famolenques. Figures relacionades: les Moires (fileres del dest\u00ed), Eris (la disc\u00f2rdia), Achlys (la boira de la mort).<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klsbdg01 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"klsbdg01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-klshtm01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"klshtm01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iwg-pill-row\"><span class=\"iwg-klasse-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Esperit: \u00e9sser incorpori o semicorpori, difunts, esperits de la natura, esperits dom\u00e8stics o guardians de llindars. Actua en la vida quotidiana, sovint lligat a llocs o fam\u00edlies.\">Esperit<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171347\" class=\"iwg-kultur-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Religi\u00f3 i mitologia de la Gr\u00e8cia antiga des de l'\u00e8poca mic\u00e8nica fins a l'antiguitat tardana.\">Gr\u00e8cia<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171451\" class=\"iwg-tradition-badge\" tabindex=\"0\" data-tooltip=\"Difunts els esperits dels quals continuen actuant en aquest m\u00f3n, esperits dom\u00e8stics, avantpassats, morts sense rep\u00f2s.\">Esperit dels morts<\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f74855 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f74855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c30362 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"1c30362\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No s&#039;ha trobat cap encap\\u00e7alament en aquesta p\\u00e0gina.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\u00cdndex\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__1c30362\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-herorght0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"herorght0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-heroimg00 iwg-hero-image elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"heroimg00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"683\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres-683x1024.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-173771\" alt=\"Keres - Esperits de la tradici\u00f3 grega, il\u00b7lustratiu-hist\u00f2ric\" srcset=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres-683x1024.webp 683w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres-200x300.webp 200w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres-768x1152.webp 768w, https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 683px) 100vw, 683px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32917199 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"32917199\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26e916cb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26e916cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-253a40d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"253a40d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1200c304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1200c304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keres<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11758e7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11758e7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les Keres s\u00f3n les dimonies de la mort de la tradici\u00f3 grega. Solen apar\u00e8ixer en grup, es manifesten sobre els camps de batalla i s&#8217;emporten les \u00e0nimes dels moribunds. Ja Homer les descriu a la Il\u00edada, i Hes\u00edode fixa la seva <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'estudi dels continguts de les imatges i el seu significat.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconografia<\/span>. A difer\u00e8ncia de figures anomenades individualment, les Keres s\u00f3n en gran part an\u00f2nimes, una classe, no un \u00e9sser.<\/p><p>\u00c9s t\u00edpic que apareguin all\u00e0 on la mort esdev\u00e9 sobtada i violenta: en la guerra, en les epid\u00e8mies, en desgr\u00e0cies tr\u00e0giques. Personifiquen la mort violenta en si mateixa, i el seu nombre i forma varien en conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia. En la recepci\u00f3 de l&#8217;antiguitat tardana s&#8217;apropen a les Er\u00ednies; alguns autors utilitzen els termes indistintament.<\/p><div><p><strong>Les Keres en la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Concepci\u00f3 sobre l'estructura i l'ordre del m\u00f3n dins d'una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">cosmologia<\/span> hom\u00e8rica<\/strong><\/p><p>A la <em>Il\u00edada<\/em> d&#8217;Homer, 18.535, les Keres es descriuen com a entitats demon\u00edaques que sobrevolen els camps de batalla i prenen la vida dels mortals. No s\u00f3n divinitats amb un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt d'actes de veneraci\u00f3 religiosa vers una divinitat o figura sagrada.\" tabindex=\"0\">culte<\/span> propi, sin\u00f3 forces instrumentals, tend\u00e8ncies personificades cap a la mort i la ru\u00efna. Homer les anomena col\u00b7lectivament, mai en singular: actuen com un eixam, i la seva pres\u00e8ncia significa un perill de mort imminent.<\/p><p>Les <em>Treballs i dies<\/em> i la <em>Teogonia<\/em> d&#8217;Hes\u00edode les situen com a filles de la Nit, emparentades amb Ker (la funci\u00f3 de la mort en singular). En aquesta \u00e8pica primerenca encara no tenen una forma fixa, s\u00f3n m\u00e9s aviat una abstracci\u00f3 que una aparen\u00e7a. La seva funci\u00f3 \u00e9s c\u00f2smicament necess\u00e0ria: encarnen el l\u00edmit entre la vida i la mort.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-159dcf9a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"159dcf9a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48cee66f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48cee66f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Perfil breu: Keres<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f50d82c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f50d82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Tipus:<\/strong> dimonies de la mort, recol\u00b7lectores d&#8217;\u00e0nimes<br>Origen: Nyx (la Nit), segons Hes\u00edode; o de l&#8217;\u00e8poca primordial de la creaci\u00f3<br>Textos: Homer, Hes\u00edode, pintura de vasos<br>Per\u00edode: des de l&#8217;\u00e8poca arcaica fins a l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c8poca de transici\u00f3 entre l'antiguitat i l'edat mitjana, aproximadament del segle III al VII.\" tabindex=\"0\">antiguitat tardana<\/span><br>Difusi\u00f3: \u00e0mbit cultural grec<br>Protecci\u00f3: ritus funeraris; no hi ha una m\u00e0gia de protecci\u00f3 espec\u00edfica, ja que les Keres apareixen all\u00e0 on la mort ja hi \u00e9s present<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18613602 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"18613602\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-262b8a9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"262b8a9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Context<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46dcb7d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"46dcb7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61d3ab3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"61d3ab3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-117c166 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"117c166\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Per\u00edode dels textos<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73997a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73997a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Primera menci\u00f3 en Homer (Il\u00edada). Hes\u00edode (Teogonia, Escut d&#8217;H\u00e8racles) en desenvolupa la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"L'estudi dels continguts de les imatges i el seu significat.\" tabindex=\"0\">iconografia<\/span>. Els tr\u00e0gics les utilitzen com a met\u00e0fores pl\u00e0stiques de la mort. En l&#8217;\u00e8poca cl\u00e0ssica tardana i hel\u00b7len\u00edstica s&#8217;apropen a les Er\u00ednies en la literatura.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d47b156 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d47b156\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff38c2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff38c2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c0rea de difusi\u00f3<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e49fcc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4e49fcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00c0mbit central grec. No hi ha una hist\u00f2ria de migraci\u00f3 pr\u00f2pia, el <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un element de contingut recurrent en l'art o la narraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">motiu<\/span> queda lligat a la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La transmissi\u00f3 de coneixements i narracions al llarg de generacions.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici\u00f3<\/span> hom\u00e8rico-hesi\u00f2dica, per\u00f2 perdura com a motiu fins a la literatura romana i bizantina.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db03c39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"db03c39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-229a87b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"229a87b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f471fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1f471fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Estat de les fonts<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36b1201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36b1201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Literatura \u00e8pica i tr\u00e0gica; descripcions a l&#8217;\u00abEscut d&#8217;H\u00e8racles\u00bb d&#8217;Hes\u00edode; representaci\u00f3 iconogr\u00e0fica en pintura de vasos. A difer\u00e8ncia de Lamia o Empusa, no hi ha una cultura popular d&#8217;amulets m\u00e0gics contra elles.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae0637c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3ae0637c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31d07739 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"31d07739\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nom i variants<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7642947 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7642947\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a086266 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a086266\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Grec:<\/strong> <em>\u039a\u03ae\u03c1<\/em> (Ker, singular), <em>\u039a\u1fc6\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2<\/em> (Keres, plural).<br>Etimologia: relacionada amb termes per a \u00abru\u00efna\u00bb, \u00abcop del dest\u00ed\u00bb.<\/p><p>A l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c8poca de la cultura grega i romana, aproximadament del 800 aC al 600 dC.\" tabindex=\"0\">antiguitat<\/span> el seu nombre varia. En Hes\u00edode s\u00f3n innombrables i canviants; els tr\u00e0gics fan servir \u00abKer\u00bb tamb\u00e9 metaf\u00f2ricament per referir-se a la mort mateixa. No existeix cap individu amb nom i biografia pr\u00f2pia, les Keres continuen essent una classe an\u00f2nima.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-709a44a8 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"709a44a8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f585873 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f585873\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Descripci\u00f3<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-70621c12 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"70621c12\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4296eb49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4296eb49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Aparen\u00e7a<\/strong><\/p><p>Dones alades amb vestidures fosques, llargues ullals i urpes tacades de sang. Hes\u00edode descriu les seves dents com blanques i els seus ulls com brillants. Apareixen en eixams, sovint sobrevolant els camps de batalla.<\/p><p><strong>Comportament<\/strong><\/p><p>Recullen les \u00e0nimes dels moribunds, beuen la seva sang i es disputen els cad\u00e0vers. A difer\u00e8ncia de T\u00e0natos, que porta una mort tranquil\u00b7la, les Keres s\u00f3n figures de la mort violenta, sagnant i ca\u00f2tica.<\/p><p><strong>\u00c0mbit d&#8217;acci\u00f3<\/strong><\/p><p>Camps de batalla, llocs assolats per la pesta, cat\u00e0strofes. Actuen all\u00e0 on els humans moren en massa i de manera violenta. En temps de pau s\u00f3n pr\u00e0cticament absents.<\/p><p><strong>Origen mitol\u00f2gic<\/strong><\/p><p>Segons Hes\u00edode, filles de Nix, germanes de les Moires i de T\u00e0natos. Algunes tradicions les fan sorgir del Caos. En ambd\u00f3s casos pertanyen a la capa arcaica i nocturna de la creaci\u00f3.<\/p><div><p><strong>Les Keres i els conceptes de corrupci\u00f3 en Plat\u00f3 i la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i sobre la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> hel\u00b7len\u00edstica<\/strong><\/p><p>Plat\u00f3 no utilitza directament les Keres en els seus di\u00e0legs, per\u00f2 el concepte dels esperits ctonis de corrupci\u00f3 marca la seva jerarquia de dimonis. A la <em>Rep\u00fablica<\/em>, els esperits menors es classifiquen com a executors de l&#8217;ordre c\u00f2smic, de manera semblant a les Keres.<\/p><p>La <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La doctrina cient\u00edfica sobre D\u00e9u i sobre la fe d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">teologia<\/span> hel\u00b7len\u00edstica, especialment en la tradici\u00f3 \u00f2rfica i neoplat\u00f2nica, diferenciava entre divinitats superiors i pot\u00e8ncies dimon\u00edaques menors, entre les quals les Keres ocupaven el rang de dimonis de la mort.<\/p><p>Ja no s&#8217;entenien com a simples atributs hom\u00e8rics de la batalla, sin\u00f3 com una classe ontol\u00f2gica genu\u00efna: \u00e9ssers que mitjan\u00e7aven entre d\u00e9us i humans, amb funcions especialitzades en el metabolisme de la vida i la mort. Des d&#8217;aquesta perspectiva, les Keres esdevenien exemples de la divisi\u00f3 demi\u00fargica del m\u00f3n: cada for\u00e7a tenia el seu n\u00ednxol cosmol\u00f2gic.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e71476 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"44e71476\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1fc3f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c1fc3f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fitxa: Keres<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-84f33b8e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"84f33b8e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-hqkdc67p elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"hqkdc67p\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Els aspectes m\u00e9s importants de les Keres d&#8217;una ullada. Trobareu el desenvolupament del nom, la descripci\u00f3, la defensa i els paral\u00b7lelismes en els apartats seg\u00fcents.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-qh9oavvu iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"qh9oavvu\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-awzx8k2k elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"awzx8k2k\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Origen de les Keres<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-x6rowhv0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"x6rowhv0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Filles de Nix, la Nit. Germanes de les Moires i de T\u00e0natos, pertanyents a la capa arcaica i nocturna de la creaci\u00f3.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8e3o4kxs iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8e3o4kxs\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08rkdgov elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08rkdgov\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Objectiu de les Keres<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-uwjelx8s elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"uwjelx8s\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Soldats, malalts de pesta, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Ofrena a una divinitat per expressar gratitud, s\u00faplica o veneraci\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">v\u00edctimes<\/span> d&#8217;infortunis i cat\u00e0strofes. Apareixen all\u00e0 on la mort \u00e9s violenta i sobtada.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-jm2n74ec iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"jm2n74ec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8vufse4c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8vufse4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Aparen\u00e7a de les Keres<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-mwb9u015 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"mwb9u015\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Dones alades, vestidures fosques, llargues ullals, urpes ensangonades. En eixams, sovint sobrevolant els camps de batalla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-pemmx7c2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"pemmx7c2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37ss2yr6 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37ss2yr6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3v0wp3wx elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3v0wp3wx\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Acci\u00f3 de les Keres<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-w3247g2m elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"w3247g2m\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Recullen \u00e0nimes, beuen sang, es disputen els cad\u00e0vers. No porten una nova mort, sin\u00f3 que consumeixen la que ja s&#8217;ha produ\u00eft.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0qpjal9w iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0qpjal9w\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ndoih0o elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ndoih0o\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Defensa contra les Keres<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6684tyh9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6684tyh9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>No existeix una m\u00e0gia de defensa espec\u00edfica; les Keres formen part de la mort mateixa. L&#8217;\u00fanica protecci\u00f3 \u00e9s evitar el camp de batalla, el lloc de la pesta o la situaci\u00f3 violenta.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3lfi7x32 iwg-steckbrief-card e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3lfi7x32\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0kg99ga1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0kg99ga1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Paral\u00b7lelismes de les Keres<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-n0fum6kp elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"n0fum6kp\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Er\u00ednies (transici\u00f3 fluida), Valqu\u00edries (germ\u00e0niques), Gallu (mesopot\u00e0mics), Tzitz\u00edmime (asteques), motius de la Dama de la Dalla.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7533bc7a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7533bc7a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2447d18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2447d18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Demonologia quotidiana<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5d0260c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d5d0260c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-341be2ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"341be2ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Rituals de defensa<\/strong><\/p><p>Les Keres individuals no s&#8217;invoquen ni es repel\u00b7leixen; formen part de la mort, que no \u00e9s negociable. Ritualment s\u00f3n importants l&#8217;enterrament correcte i el plany funerari, que regulen all\u00f2 que les Keres no regulen: la dignitat de l&#8217;acomiadament.<\/p><p><strong>Invocacions<\/strong><\/p><p>No hi ha invocacions espec\u00edfiques contra les Keres. En papirs m\u00e0gics i tauletes de maledicci\u00f3, el terme \u00abKeres\u00bb pot apar\u00e8ixer com a designaci\u00f3 de la desgr\u00e0cia d&#8217;una f\u00f3rmula de maledicci\u00f3, per\u00f2 no com a destinataris individuals.<\/p><p><strong>Amulets i s\u00edmbols de protecci\u00f3<\/strong><\/p><p>Defensa general contra la mort mitjan\u00e7ant apotropaics (Gorgoneion, fal\u00b7lus, <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Creen\u00e7a estesa segons la qual una mirada envejosa d'una altra persona pot causar dany.\" tabindex=\"0\">mal d&#8217;ull<\/span>). No hi ha amulets espec\u00edfics contra les Keres. La protecci\u00f3 rau m\u00e9s b\u00e9 en evitar les situacions en qu\u00e8 apareixen les Keres.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a584676 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a584676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d0757bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d0757bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les Keres, paral\u00b7lelismes en altres cultures<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60563f68 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"60563f68\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a93fdd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a93fdd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Roma:<\/strong> les Dirae\/Furiae assumeixen l&#8217;aspecte de venjadores, mentre que les Keres com a figures purament mort\u00edferes tenen menys pres\u00e8ncia al <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt dels d\u00e9us d'una religi\u00f3 o cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3<\/span> rom\u00e0. En canvi, Mors (la Mort) n&#8217;assumeix la funci\u00f3 individualment.<\/p><p><strong>Tradici\u00f3 germ\u00e0nica:<\/strong> les Valqu\u00edries recullen els caiguts del camp de batalla. Estructuralment estan properament emparentades, tot i que dins d&#8217;un marc teol\u00f2gic diferent.<\/p><p><strong>Mesopot\u00e0mia i m\u00e9s enll\u00e0:<\/strong> els executors de l&#8217;inframon Gallu s\u00f3n funcionalment emparentats, encara que dins d&#8217;un marc m\u00edtic del tot diferent. En nombroses cultures apareixen missatgers de la mort que es presenten en eixams i recullen \u00e0nimes.<\/p><div><p><strong>Les Keres en els papirs de <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Pr\u00e0ctiques que pretenen intervenir en el curs de les coses mitjan\u00e7ant accions o f\u00f3rmules especials.\" tabindex=\"0\">m\u00e0gia<\/span> i la pr\u00e0ctica m\u00e0gica<\/strong><\/p><p>En els papirs m\u00e0gics hel\u00b7len\u00edstics (PGM) les Keres rarament s&#8217;invoquen directament, per\u00f2 el concepte de dimoniesses de la mort i la corrupci\u00f3 impregna els textos m\u00e0gics de <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"F\u00f3rmula ling\u00fc\u00edstica amb la qual es vol causar dany a una persona o cosa.\" tabindex=\"0\">maledicci\u00f3<\/span>. Els papirs que contenen maledicions de desmembrament, dessecaci\u00f3 o par\u00e0lisi sovint invoquen pot\u00e8ncies ct\u00f2niques an\u00f2nimes cuya funci\u00f3 correspon a la de les Keres: separaci\u00f3, destrucci\u00f3, robatori de la vitalitat.<\/p><p>Els papirs demostren que els mags de l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c8poca de transici\u00f3 entre l'Antiguitat i l'edat mitjana, aproximadament del segle III al VII.\" tabindex=\"0\">Antiguitat tardana<\/span> posse\u00efen una teoria diferenciada de les pot\u00e8ncies menors; no totes eren dolentes, per\u00f2 totes eren especialitzades. Les Keres pertanyien a la classe de forces necess\u00e0ries que no requerien moral, perqu\u00e8 el seu enc\u00e0rrec derivava de l&#8217;arquitectura c\u00f2smica.<\/p><p>Un mag que volgu\u00e9s provocar malaltia o debilitat no invocava aquestes pot\u00e8ncies com a enemigues, sin\u00f3 com a eines t\u00e8cniques, l&#8217;\u00fas de les quals requeria una justificaci\u00f3 \u00e8tica.<\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp8602301 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cp8602301\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7b7edad elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp7b7edad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les Keres en Homer: la mort al camp de batalla<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbfea484 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cpbfea484\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp74cc2f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp74cc2f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Els testimonis m\u00e9s antics i m\u00e9s densos sobre les Keres provenen dels poemes hom\u00e8rics, sobretot de la <em>Il\u00edada<\/em>. All\u00e0 les Keres no s\u00f3n personificacions abstractes, sin\u00f3 que estan estretament vinculades a l&#8217;experi\u00e8ncia de la mort violenta a la guerra.<\/p><p>El mot grec <em>k\u0113r<\/em> designa primer el dest\u00ed de mort assignat a una persona, la perdici\u00f3 que l&#8217;arriba a assolir. En plural, les Keres apareixen com a figures espectrals que provoquen o encarnen aquesta mort.<\/p><p>Un passatge c\u00e8lebre \u00e9s el pesatge dels destins de mort: al cant dinov\u00e8 de la <em>Il\u00edada<\/em>, Zeus posa les Keres d&#8217;Aquil\u00b7les i d&#8217;H\u00e8ctor a la seva balan\u00e7a, i la sort m\u00e9s pesant s&#8217;enfonsa cap al m\u00f3n subterrani, amb la qual cosa la mort d&#8217;H\u00e8ctor queda decidida.<\/p><p>Aqu\u00ed la Ker \u00e9s pr\u00e0cticament sin\u00f2nima del dest\u00ed personal del heroi. En un altre passatge, al cant divuit\u00e8, apareix a l&#8217;escut d&#8217;Aquil\u00b7les una Ker terrible enmig del combat, amb un vestit tacat de sang, que arrossega pels peus fora de la lluita els caiguts i els ferits.<\/p><p>D&#8217;aquests passatges es despr\u00e8n una imatge doble. D&#8217;una banda, la Ker \u00e9s el dest\u00ed de mort individual, ja fixat des del naixement; Aquil\u00b7les parla de les dues Keres entre les quals pot triar, una vida curta i gloriosa o una vida llarga i sense gl\u00f2ria. D&#8217;altra banda, les Keres s\u00f3n \u00e9ssers actius i sedents de sang que campen pel camp de batalla.<\/p><p>La recerca ha discutit llargament si es tracta de dues concepcions diferents o d&#8217;aspectes d&#8217;una sola. Molt indica que els grecs podien viure la mort tant com una mesura assignada com una for\u00e7a que ataca, sense veure-hi cap contradicci\u00f3.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpbd673b2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpbd673b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp0a14da8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp0a14da8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keres, Moires i Th\u00e0natos: delimitaci\u00f3 respecte a altres pot\u00e8ncies de la mort<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp890fc3c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp890fc3c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp209632e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp209632e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les Keres es situen en el pensament grec al costat de diverses altres pot\u00e8ncies relacionades amb la mort i el dest\u00ed, i la seva delimitaci\u00f3 exacta ja no era del tot clara per als autors antics. La distinci\u00f3 m\u00e9s important \u00e9s respecte a les <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171785\">Moires<\/a>, les tres filadores del dest\u00ed.<\/p><p>Mentre que les Moires, en Hes\u00edode i en la tradici\u00f3 posterior, assignen la mesura de la vida, la mesuren i la tallen, \u00e9s a dir, encarnen la vessant ordenadora del dest\u00ed, les Keres representen m\u00e9s b\u00e9 el cas concret, sovint violent i funest, de la mort.<\/p><p>Hes\u00edode, a la <em>Teogonia<\/em>, situa totes dues prop de Nyx, la Nit, que les engendra sense pare; en la seva enumeraci\u00f3 apareixen les Keres, les Moires, Th\u00e0natos, Hipnos i altres figures ombr\u00edvoles com a germanes.<\/p><p>Aquesta genealogia adscriu les Keres a la vessant nocturna i inquietant del cosmos. Es distingeixen de Th\u00e0natos, la personificaci\u00f3 serena de la mort mateixa, pel seu car\u00e0cter actiu i depredador. Th\u00e0natos s&#8217;emporta, les Keres esgarrapen.<\/p><p>A l&#8217;<em>Escut<\/em>, el poema transm\u00e8s sota el nom d&#8217;Hes\u00edode, es troba una descripci\u00f3 particularment cruenta: les Keres s&#8217;hi descriuen blaves i amb les dents blanques esmolades, disputant-se els caiguts, clavant-los les urpes al cos i bevent-ne la sang fosca.<\/p><p>Aquesta imatge vamp\u00edrica \u00e9s una de les m\u00e9s detallades de l&#8217;<span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"\u00c8poca de la cultura grega i romana, aproximadament del 800 aC al 600 dC\" tabindex=\"0\">Antiguitat<\/span>. La recerca ha assenyalat que amb aix\u00f2 les Keres s&#8217;acosten m\u00e9s que cap altra figura al que hom imaginava com a dimonis xucladors de sang del camp de batalla, i que precisament per aix\u00f2 es distingeixen de les Moires, concebudes de manera m\u00e9s distingida.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe357717 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpe357717\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp2d7b0d1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cp2d7b0d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La festa atenesa de les Antest\u00e8ries i l'expulsi\u00f3 de les Keres<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp7d73762 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp7d73762\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpba9eef3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cpba9eef3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>M\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la poesia \u00e8pica, les Keres estan vinculades al calendari festiu aten\u00e8s, concretament a les <em>Antest\u00e8ries<\/em>, una festa de primavera en honor de Dion\u00eds durant el mes d&#8217;Antesteri\u00f3. La festa, de tres dies, tenia un car\u00e0cter marcadament ambivalent.<\/p><p>Celebrava el vi nou, per\u00f2 alhora es considerava un per\u00edode en qu\u00e8 els morts i esperits inquietants recorrien la ciutat. L&#8217;\u00faltim dia, les <em>Chytroi<\/em>, estava dedicat als difunts i a les pot\u00e8ncies ct\u00f2niques.<\/p><p>De la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La transmissi\u00f3 de coneixements i narracions al llarg de generacions.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici\u00f3<\/span> antiga, sobretot de lexic\u00f2grafs i escolis posteriors, es coneix la f\u00f3rmula: \u00abFora, Keres, les Antest\u00e8ries s&#8217;han acabat\u00bb. Sembla que es pronunciava al final de la festa per expulsar de les cases i de la ciutat els esperits que s&#8217;havien adm\u00e8s o tolerat durant el per\u00edode festiu.<\/p><p>Algunes fonts llegeixen \u00abKares\u00bb, \u00e9s a dir, caris, en lloc de \u00abKeres\u00bb, cosa que ha donat lloc a interpretacions diverses. La recerca en hist\u00f2ria de les religions, per exemple en els treballs cl\u00e0ssics d&#8217;Erwin Rohde i Jane Harrison, ha discutit intensament aquest passatge.<\/p><p>Si la lectura \u00abKeres\u00bb \u00e9s correcta, se&#8217;n despr\u00e8n una constataci\u00f3 important: les Keres no eren nom\u00e9s figures liter\u00e0ries de l&#8217;\u00e8pica, sin\u00f3 part de la pr\u00e0ctica ritual viscuda. Durant les Antest\u00e8ries s&#8217;untaven els marcs de les portes amb pega i s&#8217;observaven certs costums que emmarcaven aquest per\u00edode festiu inquietant.<\/p><p>Aqu\u00ed les Keres apareixen com una classe oberta d&#8217;esperits dels morts i pot\u00e8ncies funestes que es toleraven durant un temps limitat i que despr\u00e9s s&#8217;expulsaven de manera <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Que pertany a una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia establerta d'accions religioses.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span>. Aix\u00ed, les Keres formen part de l&#8217;ampli imaginari grec sobre esperits que penetren en el m\u00f3n hum\u00e0 durant els per\u00edodes llindar de l&#8217;any i que cal tornar a conjurar mitjan\u00e7ant un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Una seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia regulada d'accions simb\u00f2liques amb significat religi\u00f3s o cultural.\" tabindex=\"0\">ritual<\/span> fix.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpa2f747d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpa2f747d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpe0b90e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpe0b90e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Ampliaci\u00f3 del concepte: les Keres com a dimonis de malaltia i desgr\u00e0cia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp33e1509 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp33e1509\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp11c849e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp11c849e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En la literatura posthom\u00e8rica, el concepte de Ker s&#8217;amplia m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la mort al camp de batalla. En Hes\u00edode i en textos posteriors, <em>k\u0113r<\/em> pot designar qualsevol forma de perdici\u00f3: malaltia, vellesa, fam, bogeria, qualsevol mal que afecti l&#8217;\u00e9sser hum\u00e0. Les Keres esdevenen aix\u00ed una categoria col\u00b7lectiva per a tot all\u00f2 que escur\u00e7a, danya i acaba amb la vida.<\/p><p>Aquesta ampliaci\u00f3 de sentit es manifesta especialment en el relat de Pandora. Del recipient obert que Pandora porta, segons Hes\u00edode, s&#8217;escapen els mals sobre la humanitat; en la interpretaci\u00f3 antiga, aquestes plagues sovint s&#8217;equiparaven o s&#8217;apropaven a les Keres.<\/p><p>Tamb\u00e9 en l&#8217;art figuratiu apareixen figures alades relacionades amb la malaltia i la mort, associades a les Keres, encara que l&#8217;atribuci\u00f3 iconogr\u00e0fica sovint \u00e9s incerta, ja que les Keres, les <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171353\">Er\u00ednies<\/a>, les Harpies i les Sirenes se superposen en la representaci\u00f3.<\/p><p>Aquesta obertura conceptual \u00e9s clau per entendre les Keres. Mai van constituir un <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de d\u00e9us d'una religi\u00f3 o cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">pante\u00f3<\/span> clarament delimitat amb noms i funcions fixes, com s\u00ed que ho eren els dotze d\u00e9us ol\u00edmpics.<\/p><p>La investigaci\u00f3 descriu les Keres m\u00e9s b\u00e9 com una categoria conceptual: la personificaci\u00f3 de la multiplicitat de maneres de morir i mals de la vida. Precisament aquesta indeterminaci\u00f3 les feia \u00fatils per als poetes i pensadors grecs.<\/p><p>All\u00e0 on calia representar la desgr\u00e0cia com una for\u00e7a activa, sense atorgar-li el rang complet d&#8217;una <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"Un \u00e9sser venerat com a div\u00ed dins d'una religi\u00f3.\" tabindex=\"0\">divinitat<\/span> anomenada, es podia parlar d&#8217;una Ker o de les Keres. Es troben aix\u00ed a la frontera entre la personificaci\u00f3, el concepte de dest\u00ed i la demonologia, i precisament en aquesta frontera rau el seu inter\u00e8s des del punt de vista de la hist\u00f2ria de les religions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpaa4ebda e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cpaa4ebda\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cpf7b01df elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cpf7b01df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La perviv\u00e8ncia de les Keres en la tradici\u00f3 tardoantiga i neogrega<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp70a8cae e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cp70a8cae\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cp316af1f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cp316af1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La q\u00fcesti\u00f3 de si i com les Keres van perviure despr\u00e9s del final de la religi\u00f3 antiga ha estat molt debatuda en la investigaci\u00f3 folkl\u00f2rica. Una l\u00ednia molt citada relaciona les Keres antigues amb el <em>Charos<\/em> o <em>Charontas<\/em> neogrec i amb altres figures de la mort en la tradici\u00f3 popular grega.<\/p><p>De fet, el nom de l&#8217;antic barquer Caront s&#8217;ha transformat, en la creen\u00e7a popular neogrega, en una figura activa de la mort, sovint a cavall, que ve a buscar els homes.<\/p><p>Investigadors del segle XIX i principis del XX, entre ells Bernhard Schmidt en el seu treball sobre la vida popular dels neogrecs, van intentar veure en aquestes figures una continu\u00eftat dels dimonis de la mort antics. La investigaci\u00f3 actual \u00e9s m\u00e9s prudent en aquest punt.<\/p><p>Es destaca que entre les Keres antigues i les concepcions neogregues de la mort no es pot demostrar una l\u00ednia ininterrompuda, i que hi ha capes cristianes, bizantines i de cultura popular pel mig. No es pot documentar una identitat directa entre la Ker antiga i el Charos neogrec.<\/p><p>El que s\u00ed que es pot afirmar amb rigor \u00e9s que la cultura grega ha mantingut, al llarg dels segles, una tend\u00e8ncia a concebre la mort com una figura activa i sovint amena\u00e7adora, en lloc de simplement com un estat.<\/p><p>En aquesta llarga l\u00ednia, la Ker es troba a l&#8217;origen. En la recepci\u00f3 moderna, en diccionaris de <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de relats mitol\u00f2gics transmesos d'una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">mitologia<\/span>, en la literatura fant\u00e0stica i en els videojocs, les Keres han reaparegut, sobretot com a esperits de la mort alats o com a dimonis gen\u00e8rics del camp de batalla.<\/p><p>Aquestes representacions recullen sobretot la descripci\u00f3 dram\u00e0tica de l&#8217;<em>Aspis<\/em> i deixen de banda els aspectes m\u00e9s complexos, com el concepte de dest\u00ed i la seva integraci\u00f3 ritual. Per a l&#8217;an\u00e0lisi cient\u00edfica, \u00e9s decisiu distingir la simplificaci\u00f3 popular de la <span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"La transmissi\u00f3 de coneixements i relats al llarg de generacions.\" tabindex=\"0\">tradici\u00f3<\/span> antiga, molt m\u00e9s complexa.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36dd7469 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"36dd7469\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13760ab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"13760ab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Enlla\u00e7os relacionats<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c87796 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"28c87796\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d6538df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d6538df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Enlla\u00e7os interns recomanats:<\/p><ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171347\">Gr\u00e8cia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171353\">Er\u00ednies<\/a> (transici\u00f3 propera)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171338\">Gallu<\/a> (paral\u00b7lel mesopot\u00e0mic)<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171503\">Th\u00e0natos<\/a> i les Moires (context mitol\u00f2gic)<\/li><li><span class=\"iwg-fachbegriff\" data-tooltip=\"El conjunt de relats mitol\u00f2gics transmesos d'una cultura.\" tabindex=\"0\">Mitologia<\/span> del camp de batalla i culte als morts<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-grl4kl40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"grl4kl40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bzsbfrmh elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bzsbfrmh\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Fonts i bibliografia<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c13224a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2c13224a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0eymh9ub elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0eymh9ub\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<footer class=\"iwg-literatur\"><p>Una selecci\u00f3 d&#8217;obres centrals sobre les Keres i les concepcions gregues de la mort:<\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet>Vermeule, Emily: <em>Aspects of Death in Early Greek Art and Poetry<\/em>. Berkeley 1979.<\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Burkert, Walter: <em>Griechische Religion der archaischen und klassischen Epoche<\/em>. Stuttgart 1977.<\/span><\/li><li>Wachsmuth, Dietrich: \u201eKeres\u00bb, a: <em>Der kleine Pauly<\/em>, vol. 3.<\/li><li><span data-nosnippet>Sourvinou-Inwood, Christiane: <em>&#39;Reading&#39; Greek Death<\/em>. Oxford 1995.<\/span><\/li><\/ul><div data-nosnippet=\"true\" class=\"iwg-litliste\"><p><strong>Bibliografia est\u00e0ndard (Gr\u00e8cia):<\/strong><\/p><ul><li><span data-nosnippet><strong>Bremmer, Jan N.<\/strong>: <em>Greek Religion. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1999.<\/em><\/span><\/li><li><span data-nosnippet><strong>Bonnefoy, Yves<\/strong>: <em>Greek and Egyptian Mythologies. University of Chicago Press, Chicago 1992.<\/em><\/span><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/footer>\n<p class=\"iwg-bib-more\"><span data-nosnippet>M\u00e9s obres est\u00e0ndard al <a href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171483\">llistat bibliogr\u00e0fic<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-keres-sec e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"iwgca-keres-sec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"iwg-ca-keres\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-iwgca-keres-te iwg-ca-textwrap elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"iwgca-keres-te\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-nosnippet=\"true\"><p class=\"iwg-ca-bridge\">La pr\u00e0ctica de protecci\u00f3 descrita aqu\u00ed \u00e9s una interpretaci\u00f3 cient\u00edfica de tradicions hist\u00f2riques. iWell Guard s&#8217;inscriu en aquesta l\u00ednia cultural d&#8217;objectes de protecci\u00f3 portables i en representa una forma contempor\u00e0nia. <a href=\"\/ueber-iwell-guard\/?utm_source=iwell-guard.com&#038;utm_medium=text-link&#038;utm_campaign=schadwesen-tradition\">M\u00e9s sobre iWell Guard \u2192<\/a><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1683,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla","_yoast_wpseo_title":"Keres - Dimonis del camp de batalla","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort.","_yoast_wpseo_meta-robots-noindex":"","_yoast_wpseo_canonical":"","_angie_page":false,"gefaehrdungsstufe":"4","wesen_kultur":"griechenland","wesen_klasse":"geister","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-171351","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Keres - Dimonis del camp de batalla<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Keres\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"iWell Guard\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-05T15:54:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/\",\"name\":\"Keres - Dimonis del camp de batalla\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T15:38:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T15:54:41+00:00\",\"description\":\"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":1536,\"caption\":\"Esperits de la tradici\u00f3 de Gr\u00e8cia.\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Start\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?page_id=171333\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Keres\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"name\":\"iWell Guard\",\"description\":\"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/05\\\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png\",\"width\":1182,\"height\":237,\"caption\":\"Ittermann electronic GmbH\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/pantip.com\\\/profile\\\/9367242\",\"https:\\\/\\\/micro.blog\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.diggerslist.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\",\"https:\\\/\\\/skitterphoto.com\\\/photographers\\\/2870314\\\/iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\\\/2026\\\/06\\\/06\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/hub.docker.com\\\/u\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/bit.ly\\\/m\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\\\/profiles\\\/iwellguard\\\/activity\",\"https:\\\/\\\/gravatar.com\\\/reallybeded8fd34\",\"https:\\\/\\\/naijamatta.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.goodreads.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/experiment.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/wakelet.com\\\/@iWellGuard82270\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.chordie.com\\\/forum\\\/profile.php?id=2555664\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instapaper.com\\\/p\\\/17757966\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mapleprimes.com\\\/users\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/businesslistingplus.com\\\/profile\\\/iwell-guard\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/telegra.ph\\\/iWell-Guard-06-06\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pbase.com\\\/iwellguard\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/b.hatena.ne.jp\\\/iwellguard\\\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882\",\"https:\\\/\\\/fliphtml5.com\\\/home\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/anyflip.com\\\/homepage\\\/cmiwl#About\",\"https:\\\/\\\/transfur.com\\\/Users\\\/iwellguard\",\"http:\\\/\\\/delphi.larsbo.org\\\/user\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\\\/profiles\\\/8380803-iwell-guard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/md.chaosdorf.de\\\/s\\\/jfbe5SBdJD\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.lingvolive.com\\\/en-us\\\/profile\\\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\\\/translations\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.fitday.com\\\/fitness\\\/forums\\\/members\\\/iwellguard.html\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.mymeetbook.com\\\/iwellguard\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pxhere.com\\\/en\\\/photographer-me\\\/5040798\",\"https:\\\/\\\/disqus.com\\\/by\\\/iwellguard\\\/about\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pastelink.net\\\/hjwciqwq\",\"https:\\\/\\\/pubhtml5.com\\\/homepage\\\/scjhn\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.bitchute.com\\\/channel\\\/2O2eOKzNqujT\",\"https:\\\/\\\/audiomack.com\\\/iwellguard\"]},{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ralf Ittermann\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f\"},\"headline\":\"Keres\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-05T15:38:39+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-05T15:54:41+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/ca\\\/keres\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/iwell-guard.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/04\\\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"description\":\"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Keres - Dimonis del camp de batalla","description":"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/","og_locale":"ca_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Keres","og_description":"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort.","og_url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/","og_site_name":"iWell Guard","article_modified_time":"2026-09-05T15:54:41+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1024,"height":1536,"url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Keres","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:38:39+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T15:54:41+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp","inLanguage":"ca","description":"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort."},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/","name":"Keres - Dimonis del camp de batalla","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:38:39+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T15:54:41+00:00","description":"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ca","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp","width":1024,"height":1536,"caption":"Esperits de la tradici\u00f3 de Gr\u00e8cia."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Start","item":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?page_id=171333"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Keres"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#website","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","name":"iWell Guard","description":"Schutz vor dunklen Einfl\u00fcssen","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ca"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Ittermann-Logo-1182x237-1.png","width":1182,"height":237,"caption":"Ittermann electronic GmbH"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/pantip.com\/profile\/9367242","https:\/\/micro.blog\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.diggerslist.com\/iwellguard\/about","https:\/\/skitterphoto.com\/photographers\/2870314\/iwell-guard","https:\/\/iwellguard.wordpress.com\/2026\/06\/06\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/u\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/bit.ly\/m\/iwellguard","https:\/\/entre-vos-mains.alsace.eu\/profiles\/iwellguard\/activity","https:\/\/gravatar.com\/reallybeded8fd34","https:\/\/naijamatta.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/www.goodreads.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/profile.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/","https:\/\/experiment.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/wakelet.com\/@iWellGuard82270","https:\/\/www.chordie.com\/forum\/profile.php?id=2555664","https:\/\/www.instapaper.com\/p\/17757966","https:\/\/www.mapleprimes.com\/users\/iwellguard","https:\/\/businesslistingplus.com\/profile\/iwell-guard\/","https:\/\/telegra.ph\/iWell-Guard-06-06","https:\/\/pbase.com\/iwellguard\/iwellguard","https:\/\/b.hatena.ne.jp\/iwellguard\/20260607#bookmark-4788405196491818882","https:\/\/fliphtml5.com\/home\/iwellguard","https:\/\/anyflip.com\/homepage\/cmiwl#About","https:\/\/transfur.com\/Users\/iwellguard","http:\/\/delphi.larsbo.org\/user\/iwellguard","https:\/\/jobs.lajobsportal.org\/profiles\/8380803-iwell-guard","https:\/\/md.chaosdorf.de\/s\/jfbe5SBdJD","https:\/\/www.lingvolive.com\/en-us\/profile\/9ecaeaca-ce11-4e51-9e71-01d55e2bff36\/translations","https:\/\/www.fitday.com\/fitness\/forums\/members\/iwellguard.html","https:\/\/www.mymeetbook.com\/iwellguard","https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer-me\/5040798","https:\/\/disqus.com\/by\/iwellguard\/about\/","https:\/\/pastelink.net\/hjwciqwq","https:\/\/pubhtml5.com\/homepage\/scjhn\/","https:\/\/www.bitchute.com\/channel\/2O2eOKzNqujT","https:\/\/audiomack.com\/iwellguard"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f","name":"Ralf Ittermann","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/073c0153e350a5005b68eb752b445fea71f6b24a26da9449ad7e155e6b446c9d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ralf Ittermann"},"givenName":"Ralf","familyName":"Ittermann","jobTitle":"Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher","url":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/author\/claude\/","description":"Ralf Ittermann ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der Ittermann electronic GmbH und redaktioneller Verantwortlicher des iWell-Guard-Lexikons. Er verbindet langj\u00e4hrige Erfahrung in der Pr\u00e4zisionsfertigung mit medialer Praxis und religionsgeschichtlicher Quellenarbeit.","worksFor":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Ittermann electronic GmbH","url":"https:\/\/ittermann.de\/","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"K\u00f6hlergasse 16-18","postalCode":"99842","addressLocality":"Ruhla","addressCountry":"DE"}},"knowsAbout":["Religionsgeschichte","Mythologie","Mediale Praxis","Energetische Diagnostik","Schutzpraxis","Volksglauben","Westliche Esoterik"]},{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/"},"author":{"name":"Ralf Ittermann","@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#\/schema\/person\/ee2a27f1cac3406c7c6fb5820cb7349f"},"headline":"Keres","datePublished":"2026-09-05T15:38:39+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-05T15:54:41+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/keres\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/geister_griechenland_keres.webp","inLanguage":"ca","description":"Keres, dimonis del camp de batalla i missatgeres de la mort de la mitologia grega. Hes\u00edode i Homer, la seva posici\u00f3 al costat de Thanatos i el motiu de la mort."}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171351","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171351"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/171351\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171351"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iwell-guard.com\/ca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=171351"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}